Monday, October 7, 2019
History of the Stanford-Binet intelligence scales Essay
History of the Stanford-Binet intelligence scales - Essay Example The Fifth Edition of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB5) is a relatively new revised method, but has a unique history (figure 1). In 1905, Binet and Simon developed the first formal intelligence test, and Louis Terman created the Stanford-Binet Scale in 1916; this final scale was revised in 1937, 1960, 1986, and 2003. The first versions used items to address functional abilities, and were arranged by levels. The Fifth Edition is a standardized intelligence battery that can be administered to people from ages 2 to 85 years. According to Strauss (2006) the main purpose of the revision was ââ¬Å"to expand the range of the test, to allow assessment of very low and very high levels of cognitive abilityâ⬠, and to increase its clinical applications (see table 1).The SB5 is based on the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive functioning, which is considered ââ¬Å"one of the well-validated, comprehensive models of cognitive functioningâ⬠(Fiorello and Primerano, 2 005). Johnson (2007) describes the Stanford-Binet as ââ¬Å"a comprehensive, norm-referenced individually administered test of intelligence and cognitive abilitiesâ⬠. The test is consists of five factors, which include Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory; each factor is further divided in verbal and non-verbal subtests (table 2). The Abbreviated Battery IQ scale consists of two routing subtests: one nonverbal (Object Series/Matrices) and one verbal (Vocabulary) (Coolican, J. et al, 2008).
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